Korean Journal of Mycology (Kor J Mycol) 2023 December, Volume 51, Issue 4, pages 276. https://doi.org/10.4489/KJM.20230029
Received on September 26, 2023, Revised on October 19, 2023, Accepted on October 31, 2023.
Copyright © The Korean Society of Mycology.
This is an Open Access article which is freely available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).
INTRODUCTION
곰팡이는 복합적인 유기물에서 영양분과 탄소원 등을 얻기 위해 세포외분해효소를 생산한다. 이러한 효소들은 일반적으로 다당체를 가수분해하여 단당체로 만들어 세포내로 흡수되도록 한다. 이러한 작용들은 자연상태에서 유기물 분해 및 무기물화를 통해 생태계 순환이 이루어지도록 한다. 곰팡이가 분비하는 세포외분해효소는 다양하며 산업적으로도 많이 이용되고 있다[1]. proteinase는 자연계에 널리퍼져 있는 중요한 효소로서 식품산업[2], 의약품[3], 세제[4] 등 다양한 분야에서 사용되고 있다. amylase와 cellulase는 섬유산업[5], 세제[6], 펄프 및 제지 산업 등에 널리 사용되며, cellulase는 lingo-cellulose의 에탈올로 생물전환 시키는데 중요한 역할을 한다[7]. Lipase 역시 산업적 응용이 광범위하며 폐수 처리에도 사용하고 있다[8]. 미생물을 이용한 생물학적 방제로 키틴을 분해할 수 있는 chitinase에 대한 연구가 많이 이루어지고 있다. 키틴은 각종 갑각류의 외피, 곰팡이 세포벽의 구성성분으로 chitinase를 생성하는 미생물을 이용한 살충 및 살균제에 이용하고 있다[9]. Laccase는 최근에는 바이오연료 및 바이오센서 연구에 이용되며, 생촉매 작용을 통해 식품, 화장품 산업 등에서 널리 활용된다[10].
담수에서 서식하는 곰팡이(aquatic hyphomycetes)는 물 속의 오래된 나뭇잎 등 유기물에서 주로 발견된다. 목재는 수용성 당, 지질, hemicellulose, cellulose, 리그닌 같은 성분으로 이루어져 있어 이들을 분해하기 위해서는 복합적인 세포외분해효소를 생산한다[11].
본 연구에서는 담수의 토양, 유기물 등에서 분리한 곰팡이 40개 균주들의 proteinase, cellulase 등 6가지 세포외분해효소를 생성하는지를 조사하였다.
재료 및 방법
결과
고찰
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